In fact, the fungi that can lead to the development of pathological conditions of the nail, there are about 50 types but they are all united in these three major groups. In addition, up to 90% of cases the cause of the disease the nail plate becomes fungi belonging to the group dermatomitsety, of which there are 20 different. Yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida cause nail disease is often, approximately 10% of cases. The remaining small part of the disease is due to destruction of the nail organisms. Nail fungus medical terminology sounds like onychomycosis.
According to statistics, the disease prevalence is quite broad. Fungus affects up to 20% of the total population of the earth, and in Russia this figure will rise to 15 million people. The degree of prevalence of the disease among the population is influenced by many factors: the climatic conditions in which lives the population, the social conditions of a particular person, age, gender, occupation, etc. in addition, dermatologists have noted a constant increase in the number of cases among adults and among children. The probability of nail fungus on the feet increases with age (the disease occurs more often among elderly people, who reach 65 years of age).
Symptoms of nail fungus on my feet
Symptoms of nail fungus on your feet depend on the causative agent of the infectious process, and the amount of damage that the plate of the nail. The patient's age can affect the speed of recovery. It is known that in children the nail phalanx are affected much less frequently than the elderly.
Symptoms are different depending on the shape of the mushroom:
- Symptoms of nail fungus. Color changes in the affected disc, the thickness and the gloss remains the same. The first nail bar will appear, and places – their form and size varies, the localization of the side of the nail. The color of the spots are yellow or white, if the disease is not treated, the spots increase in size, gradually covering the entire area of the plate. Nail color changes, the rest of the normal thickness. Onycholysis – another symptom of nail fungus. Is the inability of the disc of insertion of the nail bed. Eventually, the patient can easily remove it – accidentally or on purpose.
- Symptoms of nail fungus. In addition to color changes, this form of the disease characterized by the thickening of the disk is more than 2 mm or more. This increase is due to enhanced growth of flakes of skin under the nail. There is a loss of luster, strike plate become dull, began to crumble. In the end, the nail badly deformed. Onychomycosis – buy nail shape, which is similar to the claw of a bird, is often symptoms of this type of disease. Stronger only destroyed the side of the nail. A complex of symptoms with this form of nail fungus, causes a person begins to experience pain when walking. The color is dark yellow or gray.
- Symptoms of atrophic nail fungus. First, the patients notice a change of color plates, it becomes brownish-gray. Lost the normal luster, the surface of the nail becomes pale and dull. The disease progresses, the disc is destroyed. The last stage of the atrophic form of fungal exposure of the nail bed and full necrosis. Over the surface of the bed of the patient note, a layer of loose structure, which consists of skin scales. Atrophy of the disc occurs in stages, starting from the outer end in the direction of the growth zone of the nail, and a pillow. The growth of the area remains intact longer than the rest of the nail.
- Symptoms of lateral and distal nail fungus. These two types of damage have in common is that they are often diagnosed in symbiosis and cause the same to change the parts of the nail plate. Part of the disc exposed to defeat, losing its normal color, becoming dim. Its stem has transverse grooves, which has a yellowish color. When nail fungus on the feet appear due to infection of the organisms, plates can acquire color blue-green, black. The nail began to crumble, becoming the sides of the rough. After, the death of the affected parts, allowing the plate to deform. The nail bed is partially exposed. In the last stage of the disease is characterized by complete destruction of the nail and the opening of the box with flakes of skin at the top. People suffering from pain. When the disease is aggravated by bacterial infection in the nails can be rotten when lightly pressed.
- Symptoms proximal nail fungus. This is a rare lesion of the nail plate in the first place the affected area of the skin roller. The main reason for the occurrence of proximal forms of nail fungus is to remove the cuticle. The nail plate begins to change color in the white zone, which is located near the growth zone. Its spores and mycelium of the fungus is a tunnel in the nail industry. When they reproduce, the fungus surrounds the entire nail and completely destroys it.
- Total of symptoms of nail fungus. If the lateral, distal or proximal in the form of disease is not exposed to the treatment, there will be a total of onychomycosis. The nail loses its color, begins to crumble, break down and completely destroyed.
- Symptoms of white superficial nail fungus. In the area of the rear roller show opal white spot, which, as the breeding of fungus, affects the entire nail completely. The spots are usually blend in visually and can recall the scattered fine powder.
Despite differences in clinical manifestations of various forms of fungal infections, there are several common symptoms, including:
- Crumbling of the nail.
- Change the color of the plate;
- Bundle of nail phalanx;
- Pain that occurs with the progression of the pathological process;
- You may experience itching in the area around the nail.
Causes of nail fungus on your feet
Fungus toenails appear always the result of infection with organisms. Most often they are dermatomitsety. To penetrate the skin and nails to help them a wide set of proteolytic enzymes in them. The first dermatomitsety bruise the skin of the feet and then spreads to the nail plate.
There are three ways in which they penetrate deep into the nail:
- From the distal (free, lateral) edge of the nail. In this case, the pathological process is localized under the plate on the bed and not the nail. When the spread of the fungus, develop subungual hyperkeratosis. This leads to the deterioration of the relationship between the bed plate and their subsequent separation. The bed fungi penetrate the nail and slowly destroy it.
- Through the back-part of the nail fungi to penetrate the interior much less often. In this case, the process of destruction of the nail will flow much faster.
- A rare way to spread the season of the proximal roller. From the end of the matrix, the fungus penetrates underneath the nail plate and into the box, or deposited in the matrix, is by destroying the collagen structure of the nail phalanx. If the damage to the nail caused by fungi of the genus Candida, you must initially involved in the pathological process in the proximal roll of the swelling and thickening of the. However, most often these inflammatory processes affect the nails.
How to get rid of nail fungus on your feet?
Modern pharmaceutical industry offers people who are diagnosed with fungal toenails, a wide range of effective drugs in order to cope with the problem. Funds are available for both local and general action.
The abundance of available special medicines, make personalized choice of the drug difficult. Because the fungus may attack the nails, but also mucous membranes, all organs and tissues. Therefore, it is important that you undergo a comprehensive diagnosis and get the doctor's advice to treat nail fungus.
The therapeutic strategy is based on four points:
- The accounting impact on the area;
- The time that has passed since the beginning of the disease;
- Pathological changes caused by disease;
- The presence of accompanying diseases.
Modern drugs not only destroy fungal organisms and prevents their development, but has a tendency to accumulate in the thickness of the nail plate, remaining there for a long time. This allows to reduce considerably terms of therapy, up to 8 – 16 weeks. This is enough time to fully get rid of the problem. Important is the integrated approach to treatment, the combination of local treatment of oral means. This raises the question of how to choose a remedy and to get rid of nail fungus on your feet? Below is a look at all the modern medicines.
Without exception, antifungal medicines have many side effects. This applies to both medicinal products for topical and oral administration. Thus, for the preparation, treatment, monitoring patient status, assessment of therapy – all this is the competence of the expert. Incorrect self-selection and use of medicines. Further progression of the disease stop going to be problematic.
Antifungal nail Polish
When nail fungus on the feet has not changed the start stage, it is possible to use only local treatment. This can be used for specialized varnishes, or solutions that contain a variety of components.
In addition, to achieve a therapeutic effect, you can use the patch. Make your nails look more attractive, you can cover the treatment to apply varnish to the nail.
Antifungal pills
Systemic antibacterial drugs are required for admission in those cases where nail fungus on the feet are moved to the running stage. Only a doctor can choose the best treatment plan. Pills to get rid of the mushrooms a lot, but some of them are incompatible with hormonal contraception, some of you can't take children, some do not receive, if there is problems with the liver, etc.
Laser treatment
The treatment laser beam is the method of physiotherapeutic treatment. It can be applied only in combination with antifungal medicines, in order to achieve the effect. The Laser treatment itself does not fully remove the nail fungus. The purpose of this procedure is to improve the nutrition of the nail, strengthen the blood circulation. In the end, this drug penetrates better damaged disk. But the laser kills the fungus can.
This method has no contraindications, and it can help to reduce the relapse of the disease. Laser treatment is a safe and painless way to fight fungal infection in his toenails.
Prevention of nail fungus in the foot
If a person's immune system is working properly, nail fungus on the feet is not going to hurt him, even after infection, as the immune system alone neutralizes him. If the fungal infection is still spreading to the nail plate, it is necessary to choose the optimal methods of dealing with it.
This is a fairly tedious process, so can help prevent infection, the following preventive measures:
- You need to avoid walking barefoot on the beach;
- Closed rubber-soled shoes – the best shoes for saunas and baths;
- Socks for everyday wear were made of cotton fabric;
- It is forbidden to put the shoes on of another person;
- You should keep your feet dry.
14.09.2018
